Effect of some soil amendments and irrigation water salinity on wheat plant and some Soil Characteristics

This study aims to evaluate the effects of some soil amendments (biochar, vinasses and humic acid) and irrigation water salinity application on some properties of sandy loom soil and wheat plant (Triticum aestivum) grains Giza (156) growth. Wheat was grown in the soil with rates of different amendments (0.0), (5000) and (10000) kg/fed weight of biochar (B), which was produced from local woad under pyrolysis conditions. Vinasses (V) were added at three different rates: (0.0), (100), (200) and (300) kg per fed, while humic acid (H) was added at a rate of (0.0) and (100) kg fed. The wheat plant was planted in a sandy loom soil in pots, the size of the pots where 50 cm by 70 cm, so it carried 14 kg of soil.  Moisture was maintained at field capacity by weight with different modified saline water (400,1500 and 3000 ppm). The wheat plant was harvested after 160 days. The plant samples were collected to estimate plant height, straw, and grain weight. soil samples were also collected and analyzed for the change in physicochemical properties. The results indicated that the applications of organic amendments slightly increased soil organic carbon and cation exchange capacity, but it significantly increased plant height, straw weight and grain weight of wheat by addition of organic amendments, while it decreased soil bulk density. Saline water had a negative effect on both the cultivated plant and the chemical properties of the soil. The best treatment was recorded when biochar using at a rate from (10) tons per fed with (300) kg of vinasses to reduce all saline water levels. The results suggested that the applications of organic amendments in sandy loam soil have benefits to both soil quality and plant growth.